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DITCHES AND PONDS CAN BE THE SOURCES OR SINKS OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION: OBSERVATIONS IN AN UPLAND AREA IN THE JINGLINXI CATCHMENT, CHINA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 607-626 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023517

摘要：

As the common features of agroecosystems, ditches and ponds benefit the irrigation and drainage, as well as intercepting non-point source pollutants. However, most ditch-pond studies have been conducted in lowland areas. To test this source-sink assumption in upland areas, this study made observations on the ecological function of the ditch and pond system in a typical catchment in China. First, the changes in ponds in the catchment were analyzed using high-resolution remote sensing data. Then, the migration of agricultural pollutants in ditches and ponds were analyzed by field sampling and laboratory detection. The results showed that over the past 15 years the length of ditches in the catchment and the number of small ponds (< 500 m2) have increased by 32% and 75%, respectively. The rate of change in nutrient concentrations in the ditches and ponds were mostly from −20% to 20%, indicating ditches and ponds can be both sources and sinks for agricultural pollutants. Lastly, the contributing factors were explored and it was found that ditches and ponds are important sinks in dry season. However, during the rainy season, ditches and ponds become sources of pollutants, with the rapid drainage of ditches and the overflow of ponds in upland areas. The results of this study revealed that the ditches and ponds could be used for ecological engineering in upland catchments to balance drainage and intercept pollutants.

关键词： ditches     ponds     non-point source pollution     mountainous areas     nitrogen     phosphorus    

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中国式现代化背景下西南山区数字农业发展研究

马红梅,金碧君,罗陶,丁龙,宋宝安

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第4期   页码 50-58 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.011

摘要：

数字技术是我国农业现代化发展的重要驱动力量，利用数字技术发展西南山区现代农业，是全面振兴乡村、实现共同富裕的可行途径，实现中国式现代化的必然要求。本文阐述了西南山区数字农业的概念内涵与运行逻辑，基于公开统计数据和实地调研资料，从相关主体协调性、基础设施建设、生产销售环节应用、人口结构等方面分析了西南山区数字农业发展现状，进一步厘清了发展面临的现实困境。研究建议，健全农村多元合作机制、挖掘数字农业发展深度，强化数字基础设施建设、提高数字农业发展广度，拓宽数字农业应用场景、扩大数字农业发展宽度，加强数字人才体系培养、提升数字农业发展水平，以此驱动新形势下西南山区数字农业深化发展。

关键词： 西南山区；数字农业；数字技术；基础设施；中国式现代化    

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以“区域协同”推动秦巴山区更高质量发展的对策建议

孙志燕,施戍杰

《中国工程科学》 2020年 第22卷 第1期   页码 25-31 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.004

摘要：

秦巴山区是我国11 个连片贫困区之一且生态价值极为突出，区域实现更高质量发展具有重要意义。本文在系统调研区域内地级市经济社会发展情况的基础上，重点对环秦巴山区域不同发展水平的城市空间相关性、产业结构的相似度进行定量分析。结果表明，区域内中心城市的辐射带动作用较弱，与贫困落后地区尚未形成联动发展；区域内产业高度同质化成为制约内生经济增长动力的瓶颈因素；基于行政区的发展模式使得区域的生态屏障功能被过度“碎片化”，导致区域生态环境压力加大。建议着眼于秦巴山脉生态系统的整体性，转变发展理念，突破一地一域的行政限制和条块分割，加强国家层面的顶层设计和战略引导，以“协同”为核心来推动区域更高质量发展。

关键词： 秦巴山区     区域协同     高质量发展     生态资产    

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Highlights of special issue on ‘Agriculture in Water-Limited Areas’

Pute WU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 123-125 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017147

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A data envelopment analysis of agricultural technical efficiency of Northwest Arid Areas in China

Yubao WANG, Lijie SHI, Haojie ZHANG, Shikun SUN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 195-207 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017153

摘要： Severe resource shortage and waste of resource in agricultural production make it necessary to assess efficiency to increase productivity with high efficiency and ensure sustainable agricultural development. This paper adopted an input-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) method with the assumption of variable returns to scale to evaluate agricultural production efficiency of 100 major irrigation districts in Northwest China in 2010. Major findings of this paper were as follows: firstly, the average value of total technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of those irrigation districts in Northwest China were 0.770, 0.825 and 0.931, respectively; secondly, 30% of irrigation districts were technically efficient, while 42% and 32% of them showed pure technical and scale efficiency respectively. Among inefficient decision-making units, total technical efficiency score varied from 0.313 to 0.966, showing significant geographical differences, but geographical differences of pure technical efficiency was more consistent with that of total technical efficiency; thirdly, input redundancy was evident. Inputs of agricultural population, irrigation area, green water, blue water, consumption of fertilizer and agricultural machinery could be reduced by 34.88%, 40.19%, 43.85%, 47.10%, 41.53% and 42.21% respectively without reducing agricultural outputs. Furthermore, irrigation area, green water and blue water had relatively high slack movement though Northwest China which is short of water resources. Based on these results, this paper drew the following conclusions: First, there is huge potential for Northwest China to improve its agricultural production efficiency, and agro-technology not input scale had greater influence on improvement. Second, farmers needed proper guidance in order to reduce agricultural inputs and it is time to centralize agricultural management for overall agricultural inputs regulation and control.

关键词： agricultural production efficiency     DEA model     input redundancy     irrigation districts     Northwest Arid Areas in China    

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葛耀君：风工程及其山区桥梁抗风应用（2019年7月6日）

葛耀君(高级职称)

2021年01月27日

关键词： 桥梁工程    

Local and regional contributions to PM in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics infrastructure areas during

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1434-2

摘要：

• Regional transportation contributed more than local emissions during haze episodes.

关键词： 2022 Winter Olympics     PM2.5     Source apportionment    

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南极海洋保护区事务的发展及挑战

付玉

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第6期   页码 9-17 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.06.002

摘要：

南极海洋保护区事务近 10年来发展较快，是南极海洋治理中备受关注的重点议题。本文介绍了南极海洋保护区的设立进程，探讨了南极海洋保护区事务面临的挑战，提出了中国参与南极海洋治理的建议。南极海洋生物资源养护委员会各成员方在南极海洋保护区法律制度、政治因素、科学基础和管理监测等方面仍存在分歧和矛盾，是南极海洋保护区事务进一步发展的主要挑战。为实施“海洋命运共同体”重要理念，履行南极海洋生物资源养护委员会成员国义务，中国应深度参与南极海洋保护区事务、尽快完善国内海洋保护区法律制度，并大力加强南极海洋生态环境科学研究。

关键词： 南极海洋保护区     南极海洋治理与养护     科学数据    

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Assessment of metals in dry-toilet collected matters from suburban areas of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, using

Xuan LIU,Zifu LI,Eric BOSC,Heinz-Peter MANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第5期   页码 710-718 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0592-2

摘要： Dry-toilet collected matter (DCM) from traditional dry-toilet pits are a potential health and ecological risk in suburban areas. In this study, the characteristics of metals in DCMs from suburban areas of Ulaanbaatar were surveyed. The results indicate that DCMs contain a high percentage of organic matter and nutrients, while heavy metals are at low levels, which shows good agricultural potential. The concentration ranges of Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 11±5, 46±9, 0.08±0.05, 9±3, 17±9, and 338±86 mg·kg , respectively. The concentration of Cd was below 0.5 mg·kg , and a high positive relation was shown between chromium and nickel concentrations. The heavy metals in DCMs were safe for land application but Zn in DCMs was close to the effects range median (ERM), which is toxic in some cases, such as amphipod bioassays. Because it is mandatory to treat DCMs to reduce pathogens, in the case of heavy metal enrichment and agricultural reuse, composting or pyrolysis are better choices than incineration. Compared with global soil background values, the heavy metals in DCMs showed a low level of ecological risk, but a medium level when compared with Mongolian soil background values. The ecological risk of six heavy metals was in the descending order Hg>Cu>Zn>Pb>Ni>Cr and the contribution rate of Hg exceeded 60%.

关键词： heavy metals     suburban areas     dry-toilet     risk assessment    

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Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China

Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 243-254 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0276-0

摘要： The rapid urbanization of China is causing a burden on their water resources and hindering their sustainable development. This paper analyzes effective methods to integrated river basin management (IRBM) using Longgang River basin of Shenzhen as an example, which is the city with the fastest rate of urbanization in China and even the whole world. Over the past 20 years, China has undergone a population boom due to the increase of immigrant workers and rapid development of labor-intensive industries, which led to the sharp increase of water consumption and sewage discharge. However, the construction of the water infrastructure is still lagging far behind the environmental and social development, with only 32.7% of sewage in the district being treated. Currently, every water quality indicator of the Longgang River basin was unable to meet the required corresponding environmental standards, which further aggravated the water shortages of the region. Thus, an analytical framework is proposed to address the IRBM of the study area. The problems with the current management system include the lack of decentralization in decision-making, lack of enforcement with redundant plans, weak management capacity, financial inadequacy, and a poor system of stakeholder participation. In light of the principles of IRBM and the situation of the region, corresponding measures are put forward, including an increase of power given to sub-district offices, fewer but more feasible plans, capacity building among stakeholders, a combination of planning and marketing for overcoming financial inadequacy, and profound reform in the public participation system. The framework and institutional suggestions could inform similar processes in other representative river basins.

关键词： integrated river basin management (IRBM) model     Longgang River basin     Shenzhen     decentralization     stakeholder participation    

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The Exploration and Practice of the Development of Green Eco-Urban Areas in Guangzhou International Financial

Jia-meng Chen,Peng Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第1期   页码 87-96 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016003

摘要： Active exploration has been carried out to determine a pattern for developing green eco-urban areas in the Starting Area of Guangzhou International Financial City with an emphasis on the core role of comprehensive green arrangement. By comparing and analyzing existing research, development of green technologies at home and abroad, and indicator systems of green urban areas of similar sizes, the builders developed a green ecological indicator system. They proposed a new concept called “district-level indicator” in order to emphasize the importance of classifying indicators according to different project situations. By verifying the indicators for all land parcels and assessing future costs and efficiency, experience accumulated in this project can be beneficial for future green eco-urban area development projects.

关键词： Guangzhou International Financial City     green eco-urban area     indicator system     case verification    

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FOR USE IN AGROECOSYSTEM IMPROVEMENT IN SEMI-ARID AREAS WITH A FOCUS ON CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKEY

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 568-582 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2019270

摘要：

Agroecosystems in water-limited contexts— Mediterranean, semi-arid and arid climatic zones—are too frequently degraded systems that will not provide the needed ecosystem services to ensure a future of sustainable agricultural production. The processes that have created this situation continue and are being accelerated by anthropogenic climate change. Increasing arboreal vegetation in these areas through agroforestry is an important strategy to conserve and improve their agroecosystems. Actinorhizal trees and shrubs in the Casurinaceae have a unique set of adaptations for heat and water stress, and/or infertile to hostile soils. Central Anatolia, Turkey is particularly at risk of increasing aridity and further degradation. Therefore, species of Allocasuarina and Casuarina have been evaluated for their potential use in agroecosystem improvement in semi-arid areas with a focus on Central Anatolia. Based on a semiquantitative environmental tolerance index and reported plant stature, eight species were identified as being of high (A. verticillata and C. pauper) to moderate (A. acutivalvis, A. decaisneana, A. dielsiana, A. huegeliana, C. cristata and C. obesa) priority for assessment, with none of these species having been adequately evaluated for agroforestry deployment in semi-arid agroecosystems in any context.

 

关键词： actinorrhizal trees / agroforestry / climate change / ecosystem restoration    

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government investment for air pollution control in city clusters: A case from the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei areas

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 612-624 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0269-x

摘要： Air pollution poses a significant threat to human health, particularly in urban areas with high levels of industrial activities. In China, the government plays a crucial role in managing air quality through the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan. The government provides direct financial support and guides the investment direction of social funds to improve air quality. While government investment has led to improvements in air quality across China, concerns remain regarding the efficiency of such large-scale investments. To address this concern, we conducted a study using a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA)-Malmquist model to assess the efficiency of government investment in improving air quality in China. Our analysis revealed regional disparities and annual dynamic changes. Specifically, we focused on the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei areas as a case study, as the investment primarily targeted industrial activities in urban areas with the goal of improving living conditions for urban residents. The results demonstrate significant differences in investment efficiency between regions. Beijing exhibits relatively high investment efficiency, while cities in Hebei Province require improvement. We identified scale inefficiency, which refers to the ratio of air pollutant reduction to financial investment, as the main factor contributing to regional disparities. However, we found that increasing the total investment scale can help mitigate this effect. Furthermore, our study observed positive but fluctuating annual changes in investment efficiency within this city cluster from 2014 to 2018. Investment-combined technical efficiency, which represents the investment strategy, is the main obstacle to improving yearly investment efficiency. Therefore, in addition to promoting investment strategies at the individual city level, it is crucial to enhance coordination and cooperation among cities to improve the investment efficiency of the entire city cluster. Evaluating the efficiency of government investment and understanding its influencing factors can guide future investment measures and directions. This knowledge can also support policymaking for other projects involving substantial investments.

关键词： investment efficiency     government investment     air pollution control     three-stage DEA-Malmquist model    

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Combined reticular blind drainage and vertical hierarchical drainage system for landfills located in areas

Wenjing LU,Zhonge FU,Yan ZHAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 177-184 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0710-9

摘要： A novel water control technology that combines the features of a reticular blind drainage system and a vertical hierarchical drainage system is developed and applied in the Yanziyan Sanitary Landfill, which is located at an area (Loudi City, Hunan Province, China) with high rainfall and high groundwater level. The reticular blind drain system, which was installed on the bottom and side walls of the landfill site, can conveniently guide the flow of groundwater out of the site while preventing a disorganized flow of groundwater. The vertical hierarchical drainage system was installed to separate rainfall water and leachate in the landfill site, thus efficiently reducing the pressure of leachate treatment. The whole drainage system plays a key role in foundation stabilization by seepage control and separation and in the instant drainage of rainfall water. The leachate reduction efficiency of the drainage technology was calculated in terms of leachate production before (336519 m ) and after (29664 m ) technology application. Over 90% of leachate derived from rainfall water and groundwater inflow was avoided upon installation of the vertical hierarchical drainage and reticular blind drainage systems. The technology can thus be popularized and applied for water control in landfills located in areas with high rainfall and high groundwater level. The proposed technology can be used to alleviate the pressure of leachate treatment and to reduce the risk of instability.

关键词： landfill     reticular blind drain     vertical hierarchical drain     guidance and drainage     impermeable layer    

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Simulation of soil carbon changes due to land use change in urban areas in China

Cui HAO, Jo SMITH, Jiahua ZHANG, Weiqing MENG, Hongyuan LI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 255-266 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0485-4

摘要： Land use change can have a strong impact on soil carbon dynamics and carbon stocks in urban areas. Due to rapid urbanization, large areas of land have been paved, and other areas have undergone rapid land use change. Evaluation of the impact of urbanization on carbon dynamics and carbon stock (30 cm) has become an issue of urgent concern. The soil carbon dynamics, due to rapid land use change in Tianjin Binhai New Area of China, have been simulated in this paper using the RothC model. Because this area is saline, a modified version of RothC that includes a salt rate modifier provided more accurate simulations than the original model. The conversion to urban green land was not accurately simulated by either of the models because of the undefined changes in soil and plant conditions. According to the model, changes of arable to grassland resulted in a decline in soil carbon stocks, and changes of grassland to forest and grassland to arable resulted in increased soil carbon stocks in this area. Across the whole area simulated, the total carbon stocks in 2010 had decreased due to land use change by 6.5% from the 1979 value. By 2050, a further decrease of 21.9% is expected according to the 2050 plan for land use and the continuing losses from the soils due to previous land use changes.

关键词： land use change     soil carbon     RothC     urban area    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

DITCHES AND PONDS CAN BE THE SOURCES OR SINKS OF NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION: OBSERVATIONS IN AN UPLAND AREA IN THE JINGLINXI CATCHMENT, CHINA

期刊论文

中国式现代化背景下西南山区数字农业发展研究

马红梅,金碧君,罗陶,丁龙,宋宝安

期刊论文

以“区域协同”推动秦巴山区更高质量发展的对策建议

孙志燕,施戍杰

期刊论文

Highlights of special issue on ‘Agriculture in Water-Limited Areas’

Pute WU

期刊论文

A data envelopment analysis of agricultural technical efficiency of Northwest Arid Areas in China

Yubao WANG, Lijie SHI, Haojie ZHANG, Shikun SUN

期刊论文

葛耀君：风工程及其山区桥梁抗风应用（2019年7月6日）

葛耀君(高级职称)

2021年01月27日

会议视频

Local and regional contributions to PM in the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics infrastructure areas during

期刊论文

南极海洋保护区事务的发展及挑战

付玉

期刊论文

Assessment of metals in dry-toilet collected matters from suburban areas of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, using

Xuan LIU,Zifu LI,Eric BOSC,Heinz-Peter MANG

期刊论文

Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China

Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA

期刊论文

The Exploration and Practice of the Development of Green Eco-Urban Areas in Guangzhou International Financial

Jia-meng Chen,Peng Liu

期刊论文

FOR USE IN AGROECOSYSTEM IMPROVEMENT IN SEMI-ARID AREAS WITH A FOCUS ON CENTRAL ANATOLIA, TURKEY

期刊论文

government investment for air pollution control in city clusters: A case from the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei areas

期刊论文

Combined reticular blind drainage and vertical hierarchical drainage system for landfills located in areas

Wenjing LU,Zhonge FU,Yan ZHAO

期刊论文

Simulation of soil carbon changes due to land use change in urban areas in China

Cui HAO, Jo SMITH, Jiahua ZHANG, Weiqing MENG, Hongyuan LI

期刊论文